Nucleic acid-based techniques (PCR, qPCR)

During the rapid detection of microorganisms, the PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) technique is used to amplify the targeted DNA or RNA sequences, the presence of which confirms the presence of microorganisms. The quantitative PCR (qPCR) method allows for the rapid and sensitive detection of microorganisms, also determining their quantity. The analysis quickly and accurately identifies any organisms such as bacteria, fungi or viruses in a given sample set.

PCR-based techniques allow for the detection of specific DNA/RNA sequences that represent specific genetic markers or mutations. By amplifying sequences, the technique identifies desired gene changes or pathogenic presence in samples, whether it is bacteria, fungi, viruses, or genetic diseases. The method has a high sensitivity and is often used in clinical diagnostics and research.

By using PCR and qPCR, genetic traces of allergens and environmental pollutants can be quickly detected in samples. By amplifying and detecting specific sequences, potentially allergenic microorganisms or toxic agents such as molds and pollen species can be determined. This method also allows for environmental monitoring and food safety inspections.

With the help of PCR or qPCR techniques used to study gene activity, the level of expression of genes can be determined based on a sample from RNA. Transcriptomic analysis can be used to quantitatively measure the degree of gene activity and cellular responses, which is important in the study of cell- and tissue-specific gene expressions. RNA analysis makes it possible to investigate the effects of various environmental and physiological conditions.